The results of fisheries research in the reservoirs of Belarus and modern scientific support of fisheries management

A brief historical background is given on the directions and results of the work of the laboratory of fish farming and fisheries as the infrastructure of the fishing industry of the Republic of Belarus develops. On the territory of Belarus there are about 20.8 thousand rivers, 10.8 thousand lakes, and more than 140 reservoirs, the country occupies a leading position in terms of provision of surface water resources on the European continent. The main task of scientific research conducted by the laboratory is the conservation of fish resources and their habitat, regulation of exploitation and increase in fish productivity.
The results of the scientific activity of the laboratory are presented depending on the priorities at each historical stage. Scientifically substantiated possibilities of bringing fishery products up to 30–40 kg/ha and more instead of 8–10 kg/ha with natural productivity, growth of commercial fish products up to 200–300 kg/ ha using methods of pasture fish farming are shown. The result of scientific work on the enrichment of the qualitative composition of catches is an increase in the share of valuable and economically important fish species in the total commercial catch up to 87 % with a stable composition of more than 50 %, while at the turn of the 70–80s this figure did not exceed 35 %. The developed system of classification of fishing grounds is the basis of modern principles of exploitation of fish resources and has been recognized in the form of a number of regulations and regulations in the field of fishing.
The prospects for the work of the unit for the next five years are displayed, aimed at ecological research of natural and artificial reservoirs for the purpose of their rehabilitation and further fisheries use, research on the sustainable use of aquatic biological resources of protected areas in order to develop plans for their management, monitoring the state of the fishing resource base, testing technologies for the artificial reproduction of a number of valuable native fish species for the purpose of economic use and restoration/maintenance of natural populations, development of regulatory and technological documentation in the field of fishing, testing technologies for creating farms for recreational fishing using elements of fish farming.

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