Development of the sturgeon feeding program in Ukraine

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food industries in the world today. The share of aquaculture in world fish production is growing every year. Over the past 50 years, the volume of fish farming in the world has increased by more than 50 million tons, while the growth in the volume of world fish catch stopped in the 80s of the last century. Aquaculture is one of the most promising and at the same time underestimated areas of economic activity in the agroindustrial complex of Ukraine, which, with the rational use of water resources, is able to provide consumers with a wide range of fish and fish products in a short time. A certain increase in the production of aquaculture products, especially the cultivation of sturgeon and salmon in Ukraine, is due to the use of imported feed, which has a high cost. However, its further development cannot rely on imported feed products, at the same time, the development of industrial fish farming methods is impossible without full-fledged balanced feeding of cultivated objects. Due to the aquatic environment, the need of fish for energy, nutrients and biologically active substances has its own specificity, in comparison, for example, with warm-blooded agricultural animals: it is the need for a high level of protein, another, a special ratio of protein and total energy, fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids, sensitivity to an excess of carbohydrates. Thus, in natural feed for fish, more than 60 % of the gross energy falls on protein, about 36 % — on fat and only 4 % — on carbohydrates. The development of domestic feed for sturgeon is an important task of the feed industry in Ukraine. The paper investigates the current state of fish farming in the country, the relevance and volume of production of compound feed for sturgeon fish, provides the advantages of growing sturgeon fish in Ukraine, analyzes the needs of sturgeon fish in nutrients, micro- and microelements and vitamins, analyzes the physical properties of compound feed for sturgeon fish recipes, an analysis of existing ones was carried out and a proprietary program for feeding sturgeon fish was developed. The developed sturgeon feeding program allows industrialists of the feed industry in Ukraine to use this information when calculating compound feed for sturgeon and their production.

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